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An EMG is a diagnostic test that assesses nerve and muscle function. The test is used to diagnose problems in the peripheral nervous system and can also diagnose muscle diseases like myopathies.

The test involves two parts. First, a small electrical impulse is applied to the nerve and recordings are made over the nerve or the muscle innervated by the nerve. This part of the test is called the nerve conduction studies (NCS) and assess the nerves in the limb. The second part of the test involves a small thin needle that is place in specific muscle and records the electrical activity in the muscle both at rest and when activated. This part of the test assesses the nerve roots and will also detect myopathies.

The test is a little uncomfortable but most patients have no trouble completing the test and typically receiving a diagnosis at the completion of test.